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Chiari malformation is a neurological condition in which brain tissue extends into the spinal canal. This abnormality occurs when part of the cerebellum—located at the back of the brain—pushes downward through the foramen magnum, the opening at the base of the skull. Chiari malformation can disrupt the normal flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and affect the brain and spinal cord, leading to a wide range of symptoms.

Types of Chiari Malformation

Chiari malformation is classified into several types based on severity and anatomical changes:

Type I

The most common form, often diagnosed in adolescence or adulthood. It involves the downward displacement of the cerebellar tonsils without involvement of the brainstem.